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Monitoring rozšiřování plantáží palmy olejné v Nikaragui pomocí metod dálkového průzkumu Země
Mezihoráková, Tereza
The first part of this bachelor's thesis is literature research that discusses the expansion of oil palm plantations in Central America, as well as remote sensing and monitoring of forest and agricultural areas using its methods. The practical part deals with the monitoring of oil palm plantations between 2017 and 2022 using satellite data. The analysed area was the Kukra Hill region located in the state of Nicaragua. PlanetScope multispectral images were used for the analysis. First, vegetation indices were calculated, classifications were made, the areas of plantations in the given years were determined and their comparison was made. In 2017, the area of oil palm plantations within the area of interest was 4,109 ha, but of this area, 445 ha disappeared by 2022, so 3,664 ha were preserved from 2017 to 2022. In 2022, the area of plantations was already 8,512 ha, which means that the area of oil palm plantations increased by 4,848 ha between the given years. The used methodology can also be used in other areas with similar geographical conditions, where oil palm plantations are expanding and will contribute to better monitoring of the studied phenomenon.
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Dopady pěstování palmy olejné na ekosystémy lesů ve vybraných zemích
Perutka, Jonáš
This bachelor thesis examines current effects of oil palm breeding on forest ecosystems in Southeast Asia, focusing on two representative countries, namely Indonesia and Malaysia. The first part of the thesis describes basic information about oil palm, oil palm breeding and its history. Then defines Southeast Asian macroregion and current state of its forests and biodiversity. Furthermore, describes relationship between the macroregion and oil palm and shows individual effects of the breeding on its local forest ecosystems. The second part analyses individual effects of oil palm breeding in each of the representative countries and names initiatives that are trying to prevent these effects from happening. Further comparison of the results shows which forest ecosystems are affected the most. The last part of the thesis portrays possible proposals and recommendations on how to make oil palm cultivation in the mentioned countries more sustainable and how to protect its forests.
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Emissions of isoprene by oil palm and their impacts on climate and composition of the atmosphere
Palouš, Daniel ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Ponert, Jan (referee)
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) serve many physiological and ecophysiological functions in plants, e.g. abiotic or biotic stress protection or signalling. Emission capacity and spectrum of emitted BVOC vary between plant species. Isoprene, having the highest global annual emission among all BVOC, has considerable influence on atmospheric chemistry and its processes. Isoprene contributes to secondary organic aerosol formation. Under specific conditions reaction of isoprene and NOx may lead to ground-level ozone formation. Isoprene also affects oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a rapidly expanding crop and it is a strong isoprene emitter. Most of the global cultivation of oil palm is located in a relatively small region in southeast Asia posing a risk to regional air quality. To prevent ground-level ozone formation, keeping ground-level NOx concentrations low in the regions of oil palm cultivation is crucial. Models of global isoprene emission vary greatly and not all of them take oil palm cultivation in account. The present thesis aims to cover current knowledge on physiological functions of isoprene's synthesis and emission with regard to oil palm cultivation and ecological implications of mentioned processes. The thesis includes also brief...
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Problematika pěstování palmy olejné na Sumatře
Petrášková, Linda
Petrášková, L. Problems of oil palm growing in Sumatra. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel university in Brno. Faculty of regional development and international studies. Institute of environmental and natural resources. Supervisor: prof. Ing. Ilja Vyskot, CSc. This bachelor thesis is focused on Problems of oil palm growing in Sumatra. The first part of the work characterizes the mention history and the origin of the agriculture commodity and the way of cultivation and utilization. Subsequently, it seeks to bring its growing global importance closer to the main productive areas. The second part outlines business aspects and the development of economic indicators due to the acceleration of oil palm production in Indonesia. The main part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of the selected environmental, social and economic aspects that are created or deepened by the overexploitation of monoculture. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the highlighted aspects and to propose suitable recommendations for improving the situation.
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Analýza významu a uplatnění kulturních rostlin v programu "fair trade"
Lišková, Martina
This thesis analyse the issue of fair trade and the posibility for this program in the Czech republic. The literary part of thesis describes the program fair trade, reasons for formation of fair trade, its current status and issue of oil palm planting in the world. This thesis evaluates influence of oil palm planting on the environment and economic, social and health impacts connected with oil palm planting for local residents and communities and impacts of oil palm production on the Czech Republic. For the practical part of thesis I used the questionnaire survey, when I examined public knowledge of the fair trade, consumer behavior, the range of demand for fair trade products and the interest of citizens about problematic situatin of oil palm planting.
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Studium složení palmového oleje z hlediska autenticity
Heinz, Petr
The palm oil is the most desirable raw material in a wide range of industry in the 21st century. It is a basic material for food, cosmetics, biodiesel and many other products. However, it’s production has a negative impact on the environment. In this thesis the palm oil authenticity is judged according to the differences in composition depending on the conditions of cultivation, which is related to the certification of this raw material. The fatty acid spectrum in the samples of palm oil was determined by method of gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection. In terms of total fatty acids content, the non-certified palm oil (fat sample 1) containing 0.969 g.g-1 fat (after three months storage 0.880 g.g-1 fat) is better than certified palm oil (fat sample 2) containing 0.648 g.g-1 fat (after three months storage 0.533 g.g-1 fat).
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Emissions of isoprene by oil palm and their impacts on climate and composition of the atmosphere
Palouš, Daniel ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Ponert, Jan (referee)
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) serve many physiological and ecophysiological functions in plants, e.g. abiotic or biotic stress protection or signalling. Emission capacity and spectrum of emitted BVOC vary between plant species. Isoprene, having the highest global annual emission among all BVOC, has considerable influence on atmospheric chemistry and its processes. Isoprene contributes to secondary organic aerosol formation. Under specific conditions reaction of isoprene and NOx may lead to ground-level ozone formation. Isoprene also affects oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a rapidly expanding crop and it is a strong isoprene emitter. Most of the global cultivation of oil palm is located in a relatively small region in southeast Asia posing a risk to regional air quality. To prevent ground-level ozone formation, keeping ground-level NOx concentrations low in the regions of oil palm cultivation is crucial. Models of global isoprene emission vary greatly and not all of them take oil palm cultivation in account. The present thesis aims to cover current knowledge on physiological functions of isoprene's synthesis and emission with regard to oil palm cultivation and ecological implications of mentioned processes. The thesis includes also brief...
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Climate protection from the legal point of view (selected legal issues of climate protection in Indonesia)
Loudová, Sandra Sophia ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to illuminate the issue of global climate change, its progression and describes the components of the climate system. The thesis addresses the impact of greenhouse gases on the climate system, the phenomenon of global warming, and the consequences along with their manifestations in the nature itself. The paper includes one chapter solely dedicated to the characterisation of environmental protection in historical context, with emphasis on the climate protection. The chapter also mentions a number of key international agreements and conferences. The second part of the thesis is concerned with the Indonesian legislation on climate protection in Indonesia. It also describes the global-scale impacts of selected activities and mentions number of international agreements and Indonesian regulation seeking to tackle the issue of climate change.
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